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Crucifix
Provenance
Johann Nepomuk, Count Wilczek (died 1922), Burg Kreuzenstein, near Vienna [according to a letter from E. Silberman Galleries to Robert B. Harshe of May 13, 1936, in curatorial file]. E. and A. Silberman, Vienna and New York, by 1936; sold to the Art Institute, 1936.
Inscriptions
Inscribed in white pigment: IC..XC. (above head of Christ)
Exhibition history
Art Institute of Chicago, Recent Accessions, 1936-37, no cat. Art Institute of Chicago, Masterpiece of the Month, 1946, no cat. Art Institute of Chicago, Masterpieces of Religious Art, July 15–Aug. 31, 1954, no cat. no. (ill.). Art Institute of Chicago New Light on Old Masters: Early Italian Paintings in the Art Institute of Chicago, May 29–July 31, 1993, no cat. Art Institute of Chicago, Devotion and Splendor: Medieval Art at the Art Institute of Chicago, Sep. 25, 2004–Jan. 2, 2005, no cat.
Publications
"Fifteen New Acquisitions at Chicago," The Art News 35, 13 (1936), pp. 9, 25, ill. p. 8. "Thirteenth Century Crucifix for Chicago," The Art Digest 11, 7 (1937) p. 12 (ill.). E. Sandberg-Vavalà, "A Crucifix at Chicago," The Art Institute of Chicago Bulletin 33 (1939), pp. 34-40, figs. 1, 3, 5, detail on cover. R. Oertel, "Italienische Malerei des Mittelalters bis zum Trecento,” Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 9 (1940), p. 121. "The Face of Christ: A Portfolio of His Image Through the Ages," Fortune 33 (1946), p. 135 (color ill.). The Art Institute of Chicago, An Illustrated Guide to the Collections of The Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, 1948, p. 25. E. B. Garrison, Italian Romanesque Panel Painting: An Illustrated Index (Florence, 1949), pp. 12, 181, 185, no. 467 (ill.). Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker, Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart, vol. 37, (Leipzig, 1950), p. 48. F.A. Sweet, “La Pittura italiana all’Art Institute di Chicago,” Le vie del mundo: Rivista mensile del Touring Club Italiano 15 (1953), pp.689–90 (ill). C. L. Ragghianti, Pittura del dugento a Firenze (Florence, 1955), p. 12, fig. 28. E. B. Garrison, Studies in the History of Medieval Italian Painting, vol. 2, nos. 3-4 (Florence, 1956), "Addenda ad Indicem IV," p.210. Emmanuel Bénézit, Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs, et graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays, 2d ed., vol. 5, 1960, p. 711. Art Institute of Chicago, Paintings in The Art Institute of Chicago: A Catalogue of the Picture Collection (Chicago, 1961), p. 299, ill. p. 35. Hans Huth, “Italienische Kunstwerke im Art Institute von Chicago, USA,” in Miscellanea Bibliothecae hertzianae (Munich, 1961), p. 516 E. B. Garrison, Studies in the History of Medieval Italian Painting, vol. 2, nos. 3–4 (Florence, 1962), "Addenda ad Indicem VI," p.384. D. Campini, Giunta Pisano Capitini e le croci dipinte romaniche (Milan, 1966), pp. 44, 204. John Maxon, The Art Institute of Chicago, (London 1970), p. 20, ill. p. 21. Burton B. Fredericksen and Federico Zeri, Census of Pre-Nineteenth-Century Italian Paintings in North America Public Collections (Cambridge, Mass, 1972), pp. 125, 287. Angelo Tartuferi, “Pittura fiorentina del duecento” in La Pittura in Italia, vol. 1, il duecento e il trecento (Milan, 1986), p. 269. L.C. Marques, La Peinture du duecento en Italie centrale (Paris, 1987), pp. 74, 242 n. 128. Angelo Tartuferi “La pittura a Firenze nel duecento, (Florence, 1990), pp. 14, 21 n. 38, 22 n. 44, 71, fig. 26. Christopher Lloyd, Italian Paintings before 1600 in The Art Institute of Chicago (Chicago, 1993), pp. 146-51. Miklós Boskovits, The Origins of Florentine Painting, 1100-1270. A Critical and Historical Corpus of Florentine Painting, section 1, volume 1 (Florence, 1993), pp. 93, 95, 291, 327-331, pls. XX-XX2. Carl Brandon Strehlke, Review of Italian Paintings before 1600 in The Art Institute of Chicago. A Catalogue of the Collection in Burlington Magazine 136 (1994) p. 625. Angelo Tartuferi, "Bigallo Master" in The Dictionary of Art, vol. 20 (London, 1996), pp. 630-31. Frank Zuccari, “Conservation of Italian Paintings in Chicago” in Early Italian Paintings: Approaches to Conservation. Proceedings of a Symposium at the Yale University Art Gallery, April 2002, ed. by Patricia Sherwin Garland (New Haven and London, 2003), p. 253, fig. 18.3. Angelo Tartuferi, Il Maestro del Bigallo e la pittura della prima metà del Duecento agli Uffizi (Florence, 2007), pp. 36-37, 71, fig. 19.
Quick Overview
- Artist
- Master of the Bigallo Crucifix (Italian, active mid-13th century)
- Date
- c. 1240
- Medium
- Tempera on panel
- Dimensions
- 191 × 127.2 cm (75 1/4 × 50 1/8 in.)
- Type
- Painting
- Classification
- tempera
- Style
- 13th century
- Place
- Italy
- Department
- Painting and Sculpture of Europe
- Credit line
- A. A. Munger Collection
- Accession no.
- 1936.120
Data retrieved from the Art Institute of Chicago on October 8, 2026. The museum may have updated its record since.
Open-access museum record · AT-00000816
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